Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences

An Investigation on the Prevalence of Intesteinal Parasites in Arak City

Zahra Eslami Rad

In this paper, the situation of intestinal parasites infection among primary school students was investigated. This study was carried out with sample size of 394 student from 30 selected primary school in Arak city. Selection of chasses and students made by stratified method and stool examination done with direct and indirect method. The research methodology was based on analysis of data obtained from, 3 times stool examination of all students in the sample group. The results of the research from that : 63.5% of students were infected by parasites (pathogene and nonpathogene), In among pathogenic parasites , giardia with 27.7% and h.nana with 6.35 had the highest prevalence. Prevalence of the other intestinal parasites were: Ascaris 1.5%, Oxyuris 1.5% ( nonepecific method ), Entamoeba histolytica 2.5%, Entamoeba coli 29.4%, Entamoeba Hartman 2.2%, Endolimax 12.4%, Iodamoeba 3.5%, Blastocystis 2.2% , Chlomastix 2%. The results also showed that there is no significant relation between infection date and demographic factors such as: age, sex, parents job and , geographic area.

Survey of Medical Students KAP in Relation to Prevalent and Nonprevalent Emergencies in Pediatrics ward of Tabriz University

Nemat Billan

This research has done for assessment of attitude, practice and knowledge of the internists in medicine faculty in relation to prevalent and nonprevalent diseases of pediatrics involving 10 prevalent and nonprevalent diseases. Results of prevalent emergency diseases:
Index of study =93% good management and trearment ability with supervision of manager = 40%
Follow up = 43%, Reporting=10%
In nonprevalent emergency diseases:
Index of study = 88%, management and treatment ability= 27% good, management and treatment ability with supervision of manager = 47%, Fpllpw up = 26%, Reporting = 3% and in regard to above subjects, scores of education in this department were: prevalent emergency = 36% optimum, 59% acceptable, 5% nonacceptable and nonprevalent emergency=18% optimum, 67% acceptable and 15% nonacceptable.

The Study of Effectiveness and Side Effects of Injectable Progestrones On Contraceptive in Imam Hossein Hospital of Tehran

Zarganj Fard

One of the most critical problems in the world is control of population. Usage of DMPA (Depo Medroxy Progestrone Acetate) is one effective method for contraception. This study was done on 55 patients in Imam Hossein Hospital of Tehran. The interval of injections of DMPA were 3 months and the dosage of this hormone was 150 grams; In this research the side effect of DMPA on the compliance of patients the cause of discontinuation of DMPA were assessed. 18 number of patients has received 4 and 17 number of them had received only 1 injection. The age of majority of them were over 30 years and 34 of them had one or two children. 88% of these women had menstrural abnormalities and the most problem was amenorrhea. The majority of women in this study had weight gain ( mean 6.9Kg). Hypertension was not side effect of DMPA. The most common complaints of our patients were menstrural abnormalities, headache and nervousness. The most common cause of discontinuation of DMPA was menstrural problems especially amenorrhea. One case of pregnancy has occurred between 55 patients in this study.

Consideration of Effective factors in Achievement of Arak Medical sciences University Students in Pre- Interny Test

Mohmoud Soorati

Present research principal aims was situations determine and effective factors in achievement of Arak medical sciences university students in pre interning test modification, family environment, academic self- concept and learning, s spent time. Statistical social were number 75 from, medical students that only one time had participated in pre interny test. This social was considered by correlation descriptive method, that were data, s collecting instruments one questionaier which constitutes of 29 questions, statistical methods were multiple regression. Results had shown in five of only cognitive entry behaviour predicate present 15 of students academic achievement variance in general test. This sufficient to set in p<0.01 level. But it is nor qualified neither obvious other variable effects. Compound or common effects of principal variables that are part of researches result precent 20 of academic achievement variance of statistical social to account. This sufficient sit on significant p<0.05 level. Results entirely marked enough unability of supposed variables in explaining and predict were studied students academic achievement. So it is doubt variables validity about account and explaining of academic achievement in all of the academid sections and conditions.

Epidemiological, Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of Patients with Cholera

Masoume Soufian

Cholera is potentially dangerous bacterial infection of the small intestine which may be serious enough to cause death, cholera epidemics cause economical and hygienic problems. In retrospective study, 54 cases were consider during 4 months admitted in Valie -asr hospital. Results were as follow:
There was no significant changes due to sex. Sixty percent of cases were above 50 years. 78% showed vomiting, 11% fever and bloody diarrhea which in half of above cases ameobic dyscentery was observed. In stool examination we observed 32% WBC, 14% RBC and 19% WBC along with RBC. Cell was not seen in 35% of the cases in 5.5% ameobic trophozoite observed. Hypokalemia were observed in 80% acidosis 21% and ATN in 50% which 82% of that resolved after treatment. In all cases with leukocytosis above 20000, ATN have been observed. Rate of ATN and mortality in patients above 50 years significantly increased (4.9) and mortality and time of admission and observing initial symptoms. Due to above results may suggested that, leukolytosis above 20000 may be consider as a prognostic factor in incidence of ATN in above cases, also existence of WBC or RBC in stool smear can not denial eltor.

Examination of Chronic Renal Failure in Patients of Vali-Asr Hospital (Arak)

Ali Fani

In this survey CRF case from Arak , Shazand and Ashtiyan (769000 population), who have referred to Vali-e Asr general hospital and each case has been observed individually. During two years ( From 22 may 1997 until 21 may 1999), it showed that, 127 CRF patients there were 59 females (44.1%) and 71 males (55.9%). The annual rate was 82.3 per million, 21.25% were rural and 78.75% were urban while the rate of rural population to urban population is 44% to 66%. It seems as is the lower rate of rural patients is due to socioeconomic problems and lack of study, recognition and poor control of diseases, especially in higher ages and it doesn’t necessarily meaning lower rate of this illness in villages. In this survey, the highest rate is seen in glumerolonephritis and then in hypertension and diabetes mellitus which this trend is quite opposite in western societies. The reason probably is the socioeconomic problems as well as lack of patients familiarity with this diseases and the significance of its regular follow up and treatment and using the special treatment exclusively in villages. Also this survey showed that congenital renal disease and obstructive uropathy diseases are calssified in fourth grade of significance from a CRF etiology. This study showed that although the CRF is more popular in men than women. There is no meaningful difference between them.

Examination of Prevalence of Various Kinds of Known Injuries to Ureter and Baldder among Gynecologic Surgeries in Azzahra Hospital (Rasht)

Zahra Mohammad Tabar

Injuries to the ureter and bladder is one of the most complications in obstetrical and gynecological surgery. Injury to this organs are unavoidable even for the most experienced gynecologic surgeons. According to this study 45 cases of injuries to ureter and bladder have been observed. The incidence of injury to bladder was 82.3% and of ureter was 17.7% repeated cesarean section (31%) first cesarean section (15%) abdominal hysterectomy (15.5%) and vagina operation(7%). Bladder dome were more common than the bladder base (injuries of 85% cases). Diagnosis of ureter injury have been done during operation and in the reminder diagnosis have been delayed. Injuries were during abdominal operation, while less injuries were seen during vaginal operation. Pelvic adhesions due to repeated cesareans section & markedly enlarging uterus at the time of abdominal hysterectomy were most important risk factors for injury to the bladder and ureters.

The Study of Incidence of Hepatitis C Infection Among Hemophilic and Thalassemic Patients in Marakazi Province

Mozhgan Hashemieh

In this research , 44 hemophilic and 70 thalassemic patients were considered to obtain prevalence of hepatitis C infection by Elisa and PCR methods. In this study , liver function tests ( AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase) evaluated for all cases and determination of HCV RNA was performed for cases which Anti-HCV was positive. 36 of hemophilic (81.8%) and 3 of thalassemic patients (4/3%) were Anti - HCv positive by Elisa Method and the same proportion was reported about HCV RNA. In thalassemic patients there was no significant relation between age ans sex with HCv infection, but relation between HCV and liver entzymes (ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase) were significant. In hemophilic patients there was a significant relation between age and HCV infection but there was no meaningful relation between the yype and severity of hemophilia and HCV infection. Also the relation between HCV infection and liver enzymes (AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase ) in these patients were significant.