Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences

Examination of The Causes of Unwanted Pregnancies in Rural Area of Arak City in 1996

Marzieh Akbar Zadeh

In order to accessing the factors which affect the incidence of unwanted pregnancy, a descriptive study was done in the city of arak and Rural area in 1995.From the total numbers of unwanted pregnancy (761) 235 of them was in the villages and 132 cases 56.2% was unwanted. The results revealed that there is a significant relation between socioeconomic status, education and parity (p<0.001). The most common method was contraceptive pills in rural area (53.7) and the most important source of receiving information was health house. There is a significant relation between the duration of using contraceptive and unwanted pregnancy (p<0.001). The most common cause that women avoid to use of contraceptive methods was fear from complication of oral contraceptive 34.5%, irregular use of missing 25.8% and husband disagreement 24.4%.

The Study of Relationship Between the Personal Socal Charactericitis of Mothers, Birth Spacing & Breast- Feeding with Growth Status of Children in First Year in Tabriz Medical- Health Centers in 1996

Nemat Billan

This research is a descriptive study that investigate the relationship between some of the personal – social characteritistics of mothers (such as age, education, occupation, parity)birth spacing and breast feeding (type of nutrition in the first 6 months of age, duration of lactation and the most of supplementary feeding) with growth status of children in first year. The site of this study is Tabriz. The sample size were 314 children who referred to 20 medical centers and the information were gathered through special forms. then these data were analyzed with step by step regression method. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between mothers education and childs height growth (p=0.0497), birth spacing with childs weight growth (p=0.0042) , continuity of breast feeding with childs height (p=0.0331) and head circumference growth (p=0.0038) and childs sex with his/her height- weight and head circumference in the first year of life. This study shows that promotion of mothers education, appropriate birth spacing and continuity of breast feeding can increase the velocity of growth in children.

Epidemiological Study of Blood Pressure Rate in Arak City, 1376-77

Davood Hekmat Pou

Today, hypertension is one of the most important health problems in the world. In this regard, the present study was designed. This study was accomplished in Arak with population about 600000 and sample size about 2000 cases. From all samples (1141 female and 859 male) 193 cases had hypertension. In otherwords, the prevalence of hypertension among samples was 9.6%. The study findings showed the significant relationship among diet, marriage status consumption of antihypertension drugs, smoking, history of sever hypertension attacks according to the client and occupation, with blood pressure status in different age groups. On the otherhands, the results showed that majority of samples (981 cases) and over weight or were obese and 162 cases had borderline hypertension that can raise the prevalence rate. So continuity on screening studies of hypertension, suitable training and treatment of clients must be palced on the first priorities of ministry of health, treatment and medical education in region and country.

Examination of Prevalence of Prematurity and Some of Its Risk Factors in Arak City

Fatemeh Dorreh

Infants that delivered before 37^th week from late menstrual period are termed premature. Prematurity is associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. This research was conducted as descriptive-analytic study among 3456 newborns in Taleghani and Ghods hospital in Arak from Jan 1998 until Oct 1998. Prevalence of prematurity in this study was 8.21%. Some of risk factors for prematurity were evaluated and resulted:
From maternal factors placenta abruption increases preterm birth by 2.9, and from diseases during pregnancy preeclampsia increases preterm birth by 5.2. From fetal factors multifetal pregnancy increases preterm birth by 9.2, polyhydramnios by 82.1 and gross congenital anomalies by 6.8.
Between factors such as congestive heart failure, hydropsfetalis and subchorionic hemorrhage and preterm birth significant ralations were observed. The most common risk factors for preterm birth is twin pregnancy (19.7%) and then are placenta abruption (10.56%). 26.06% of premature newborns were died during hospitalization. Their mean gestational age was 28.4 weeks and mean weight was 1318.1 grams.

A Rare Genetic Syndrome Case Report: Cockayne Syndrome

Homeyra Azymi

Today's considerable improvements in health scince and medical fields, preventing infectious diseases and the lack of missfeeding, inherited disease and abnormalities caused by it have appeared much more seriously, specially in advanced countries. Accoreding to our statistics 30.000 to 40.000 abnormal infants are born in Iran every year and a considerable number of them go on plant with living difficulties, however in order to considerable improvement in diagnosing-preventing and curing the inherited diseases, detecting these disease in embryonic satage has become possible and so we can do our best not to have abnormal infants any more. Since in Iran medical universities clinical genetics and genetic syndromes have received little importance, we are to report a rare syndrome case considered in central genetics-medical consulting in Behzysti organization of central province in Arak. It was finally diagnosed.
In this investigation s four- years boy affected by Cockayne syndrome is reported. He was the result of a family marriage (daughter of uncle- son of aunt) grade three and inherited austosomal recessive. Some symptoms are: dwarfism, mental and movement relationship, protruded ears, sunkened eyes, beak nose, carioused teeth, deafness, retini pigmentosa, retina degeneration, butterfly rush on the face, photosensitivity and progeria, defect in DNA transcriptions. The goal of this investigation is getting more acquaintance of this rare syndrome, enhancing the role of diagnosing this disese and putting more importance on consulting before marriage and after the abnormal infant is born, and making the students and doctors of clinical genetics acquainted with this case more, as well.

Study of Penicillin Type Resistant Neissria Gonorrhieae And Susceptibility Testing of Usuall Antibiotics for Gonococcal Disease in Arak City

Ehsanollah Ghaznavi Rad

Neissaria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhoeae. Culture and antibiogram for this bacteria in clinical n laboratory in not usuall. In the present research 50 gonorrhoeae isolated from 287 exodate patients 14 isolate were sensitive a and 4 isolates were intermediate and 32 out of 50 isolate were resistant to penicillin and 25 of these 32 isolate were resistant due to b-lactamase activity and 4 of thses due to chromosomal resistance. 26% of isolates also were resistant to spectinomycin but all of the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Only 2% of isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone. So nowdays penicillin is not indicated for therapy of gonorrhoeae. Spectinomycin is a drug must be administrated with precaution and follow up of patient is necessary. Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin are effective drugs that we can use them for resistant strains.

A Case Report of Small Bowel Obstruction With Recurrent GL Bleeding

Seyed Gholamreza Nouri Boroujerdi

Although the longest part of the gastriontedtinal (GL) trace is small intestine in contrast of colon, mass lesions are rare. Incidence of small intestine tumors is about 40/1 of the colorectal neoplasms. The clinical presentations of small intedtinal tumors include: Anemia, GL Bleeding, abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction. A case that is reported is a man who had two massive lower Gl Bleeding within 3 months and the esophagogastroduodenoscopy had been normal two times. The patient was free of symptoms for past 4 years after. After this the patient was referred to hospital with typical symptoms of small intestinal obstruction. After slued and electrolyte correction. The patient was operated. The origin of past GL bleeding and recent mechanical obstruction was discovered to be bengin leiomyoms.

Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Thalassemia Patients in Arak City

Mozhgan Hashemieh

Major thalassemia is the most prevalent hemoglobinopathy in the world.one of the accidents of this disease is endocrinopathy due to hemosiderosis. This study was performed on 50 thalassemic patients in arak city in order to aeeesss the incidence of diabetes mellitus among these patients. Fasting blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance test were requested for all patients. The mean age was 11 and 48% of patients were in the range of 5-9 years old. 52% of patients were female and 48% of them were male. 10% of patients had positive family history. 8% of patients had overt diabetes mellitus and 4% of them had impaired oral glucose tolerance test. Among four diabetes patients three of them had received transfusion for more than 10 years. There was a significant relationship between the incidence of diabetes mellitus and duration of transfusion (p<0.001). In 56% of patients the level of ferritin was above 1000mg/lit. Among 4 diabetes patients, in 3 of them the level of ferritin was above 1000mg/lit. There is a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and ferritin level(p=0.025). Insulin usage can control blood sugar level in diabetes thalassemic patients.