Volume 28, Issue 5 (12-2025)
J Arak Uni Med Sci 2025, 28(5): 0-0 |
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Biglari M, Bahrami A, Sepahvand T. Executive functions in athletes, non-athletes and obese individuals. J Arak Uni Med Sci 2025; 28 (5)
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-7803-en.html
URL: http://jams.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-7803-en.html
1- MSc Student in Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran ,A-bahramy@araku.ac.ir
3- Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran ,
3- Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak, Iran
Abstract: (285 Views)
Introduction: The choice between an active and an inactive lifestyle can have significant physical and cognitive consequences, highlighting a need for further research focusing on the cognitive aspects. The present study aimed to compare executive functions among endurance athletes, resistance athletes, non-athletes, and obese individuals.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive study with a causal-comparative design. The statistical population of the research consisted of men between the ages of 20 and 35 years from Famenin city (Hamadan province). A total of 80 participants were selected and divided into four groups (20 subjects each): endurance athletes, resistance athletes, non-athletes, and obese individuals. Executive functions were assessed using the computerized Tower of London and N-back tests, which measure the components of planning, problem-solving, and working memory, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc tests, with the significance level set at P < 0.05.
Results: The results indicated significant differences in executive functions among the groups. In the components of planning, problem-solving, and working memory, the performance of the non-athletes, resistance, and endurance groups was significantly better than the obesity group. Furthermore, the resistance and endurance athletes performed better than the non-athletes group. In addition, the endurance group was better than the resistance group only in the planning and problem-solving component, and no difference was observed between them in working memory.
Conclusions: Weight control and performing endurance and resistance exercises can be useful for people from a cognitive aspect, and perhaps in some cognitive areas, endurance exercise is more beneficial than resistance exercise.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive study with a causal-comparative design. The statistical population of the research consisted of men between the ages of 20 and 35 years from Famenin city (Hamadan province). A total of 80 participants were selected and divided into four groups (20 subjects each): endurance athletes, resistance athletes, non-athletes, and obese individuals. Executive functions were assessed using the computerized Tower of London and N-back tests, which measure the components of planning, problem-solving, and working memory, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc tests, with the significance level set at P < 0.05.
Results: The results indicated significant differences in executive functions among the groups. In the components of planning, problem-solving, and working memory, the performance of the non-athletes, resistance, and endurance groups was significantly better than the obesity group. Furthermore, the resistance and endurance athletes performed better than the non-athletes group. In addition, the endurance group was better than the resistance group only in the planning and problem-solving component, and no difference was observed between them in working memory.
Conclusions: Weight control and performing endurance and resistance exercises can be useful for people from a cognitive aspect, and perhaps in some cognitive areas, endurance exercise is more beneficial than resistance exercise.
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